SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine limits Parliament's power to amend the Constitution, ensuring the protection of fundamental rights.
DETAILS:
- Established by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- It asserts that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments.
- This doctrine has led to increased judicial review over legislative actions, especially concerning fundamental rights.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments violating the basic structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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