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SHORT ANSWER: Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India has evolved to address environmental issues and the protection of natural resources through judicial activism. DETAILS: - PIL allows individuals or groups to file petitions in court for the public interest, especially for marginalized communities. - The Supreme Court of India has expanded the scope of PIL to include environmental protection, leading to landmark judgments. - Key cases include the Vishaka Guidelines for sexual harassment and the M.C. Mehta cases on pollution control. PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable): - Courts can impose penalties on violators of environmental laws and order remedial measures. SOURCE: - Supreme Court Judgments, Environmental Protection Act, 1986.
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