SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine limits the Parliament's power to amend the Constitution in a way that alters its fundamental framework.
DETAILS:
- Established by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- Parliament can amend the Constitution but cannot change its basic structure, such as the supremacy of the Constitution, the rule of law, and the separation of powers.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments violating the basic structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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