SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine ensures that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments, thereby maintaining the balance of power between the central and state governments.
DETAILS:
- The doctrine was established by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- It protects the federal structure, separation of powers, and fundamental rights.
- It prevents the central government from overstepping its authority and encroaching on state powers.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments that violate the basic structure can be struck down by the Supreme Court.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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