SHORT ANSWER:
The doctrine of basic structure limits legislative actions by ensuring that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court of India established the doctrine of basic structure in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- It protects essential features like the rule of law, separation of powers, and fundamental rights.
- Both state and central governments must respect these principles while making laws.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Any law that violates the basic structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
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