SHORT ANSWER:
The Indra Sawhney case upheld the constitutional validity of reservations in public employment and educational institutions, but set limits on the extent of such reservations.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled that reservations should not exceed 50% of total seats.
- It distinguished between "backward classes" and "forward classes" and allowed for reservations for socially and educationally backward classes.
- The court emphasized the need for a creamy layer to be excluded from the benefits of reservations.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- States must ensure that the total reservation does not exceed the 50% limit.
SOURCE:
- Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, 1992 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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