SHORT ANSWER:
The Kesavananda Bharati case established that Parliament cannot alter the basic structure of the Constitution through amendments.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled that while Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution, it cannot change its fundamental framework.
- The case identified certain features as part of the basic structure, including the supremacy of the Constitution, the rule of law, separation of powers, and the fundamental rights.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Any amendment violating the basic structure can be struck down by the Supreme Court.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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