SHORT ANSWER:
The Kesavananda Bharati case established the Basic Structure Doctrine, limiting Parliament's power to amend the Constitution.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter its fundamental framework.
- This case emphasized the supremacy of the Constitution and the protection of fundamental rights.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Any amendment violating the Basic Structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973, Supreme Court of India.
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