SHORT ANSWER:
The Kesavananda Bharati judgment established the basic structure doctrine, which limits the Parliament's power to amend the Constitution.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled that while Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution, it cannot alter its basic structure.
- Key features of the basic structure include the supremacy of the Constitution, the rule of law, and the separation of powers.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Any amendment that violates the basic structure can be struck down by the Supreme Court.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973
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