SHORT ANSWER:
The Kesavananda Bharati case established the basic structure doctrine, which states that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled in 1973 that Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution but cannot change its basic structure.
- The case involved a challenge to the 24th Amendment, which aimed to limit judicial review of constitutional amendments.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- If Parliament attempts to amend the basic structure, such amendments can be declared unconstitutional by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973, Supreme Court of India.
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