SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine ensures that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments.
DETAILS:
- Established by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- Protects fundamental rights and the democratic framework of the Constitution.
- Prevents amendments that could undermine the rule of law, separation of powers, and federal structure.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments violating the basic structure can be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973 (Supreme Court Judgment)
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