SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine was applied in the Kesavananda Bharati case and the Minerva Mills case.
DETAILS:
- The Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) established that Parliament cannot alter the basic structure of the Constitution.
- The Minerva Mills case (1980) reinforced the basic structure doctrine, stating that the Constitution is a living document and must be preserved.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Any amendment violating the basic structure can be struck down by the Supreme Court.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India
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