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SHORT ANSWER: Public Interest Litigation (PIL) allows individuals or groups to file petitions in court for the protection of public interest. DETAILS: - PIL can be filed by any person acting in good faith for the benefit of the public or a specific group. - It addresses issues like environmental protection, human rights, and social justice. - Courts can take suo motu cognizance of matters affecting the public interest. - The process is less formal and aims to reduce the burden of proof on the petitioner. PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable): - There are no specific punishments for filing PILs, but frivolous petitions may lead to penalties or dismissal. SOURCE: - Supreme Court of India guidelines on PILs.
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