SHORT ANSWER:
The basic structure doctrine limits Parliament's power to amend the Constitution by ensuring that certain fundamental features cannot be altered.
DETAILS:
- Established by the Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973).
- Key principles include supremacy of the Constitution, separation of powers, federalism, and the rule of law.
- Parliament cannot amend the Constitution in a way that alters its basic structure.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments violating the basic structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
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