SHORT ANSWER:
The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was established to enhance judicial independence by involving the executive in the appointment of judges.
DETAILS:
- NJAC was created by the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act in 2014.
- It aimed to replace the collegium system for appointing judges to the higher judiciary.
- The commission consists of the Chief Justice of India, two senior judges, the Union Minister of Law and Justice, and two eminent persons.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- The NJAC was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015, ruling it unconstitutional, thus reinstating the collegium system.
SOURCE:
- Constitution of India (99th Amendment) and Supreme Court Judgement on NJAC.
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