SHORT ANSWER:
Judicial review powers of the Supreme Court and High Courts in India are limited by the Constitution and specific laws.
DETAILS:
- Judicial review can only be exercised to ensure that laws are constitutional and do not violate fundamental rights.
- The courts cannot interfere in matters of policy or legislative discretion unless there is a clear violation of the Constitution.
- The 9th Schedule of the Constitution protects certain laws from judicial review.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- No direct punishment, but laws protected under the 9th Schedule cannot be challenged in courts.
SOURCE:
- Constitution of India, Article 13, Article 31B.
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