SHORT ANSWER:
The Kesavananda Bharati case upheld the basic structure doctrine, protecting fundamental rights from amendments that alter the Constitution's essential features.
DETAILS:
- The Supreme Court ruled that Parliament cannot alter the basic structure of the Constitution, which includes fundamental rights.
- The case emphasized the importance of preserving citizens' rights against arbitrary amendments.
PUNISHMENT / IMPLICATIONS (if applicable):
- Amendments violating the basic structure can be struck down by the judiciary.
SOURCE:
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, 1973, Supreme Court of India.
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